World Facts Index
The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San
Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it
was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in A.D. 301. San Marino's
foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy; social and political trends in the
republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.
Geography of San Marino
|
Location:
|
Southern Europe, an enclave
in central Italy |
|
Coordinates:
|
43 46 N, 12 25 E |
|
Area:
|
total: 61.2 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 61.2 sq km |
|
Area comparative:
|
about 0.3 times the size of
Washington, DC |
|
Land boundaries:
|
total: 39 km
border countries: Italy 39 km |
|
Coastline:
|
0 km (landlocked) |
|
Maritime claims:
|
none (landlocked) |
|
Climate:
|
Mediterranean; mild to cool
winters; warm, sunny summers |
|
Terrain:
|
rugged mountains |
|
Elevation extremes:
|
lowest point:
Torrente Ausa 55 m
highest point: Monte Titano 755 m |
|
Natural resources:
|
building stone |
|
Geography - note:
|
landlocked; smallest
independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by
the Apennines
|
Population of San Marino
|
Population:
|
29,973 (July 2008 est.) |
|
Age structure:
|
0-14 years: 16.8% (male 2,534/female 2,372)
15-64 years: 66.2% (male 9,316/female 10,055)
65 years and over: 17% (male 2,149/female 2,825) |
|
Median age:
|
40.6 years |
|
Growth rate:
|
1.26% |
|
Infant mortality:
|
5.63 deaths/1,000 live births |
|
Life expectancy at birth:
|
total population: 81.71 years
male: 78.23 years
female: 85.5 years |
|
Fertility rate:
|
1.34 children born/woman |
|
Nationality:
|
noun: Sammarinese (singular and
plural)
adjective: Sammarinese |
|
Ethnic groups:
|
Sammarinese, Italian |
|
Religions:
|
Roman Catholic |
|
Languages:
|
Italian |
|
Literacy:
|
definition: age 10 and over can read
and write
total population: 96%
|
Government
|
Country name:
|
conventional long form: Republic of
San Marino
local long form: Repubblica di San Marino |
|
Government type:
|
independent republic |
|
Capital:
|
San Marino |
|
Administrative divisions:
|
9 municipalities (castelli, singular -
castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte
Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle |
|
Independence:
|
3 September 301 |
|
National holiday:
|
Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301) |
|
Constitution:
|
8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926
serves some of the functions of a constitution |
|
Legal system:
|
based on civil law system with Italian law
influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
|
Suffrage:
|
18 years of age; universal |
|
Executive branch:
|
chief of state: Co-chiefs of State Captain
Regent Federico Pedini AMATI and Captain Regent Rosa ZAFFERANI (for the period 1
April-30 September 2008)
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs
Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 27 July 2006)
cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a
five-year term
elections: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General
Council for a six-month term; election last held in September 2007 (next to be
held in March 2008); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs
elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term. |
|
Legislative branch:
|
unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e
Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms) |
|
Judicial branch:
|
Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII |
Economy
The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2006 more than 2.1
million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, clothing
and apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine
and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are
comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies
much of its food.
|
GDP:
|
$850 million (2004 est.) |
|
GDP growth rate:
|
7.5% |
|
GDP per capita:
|
$34,600 |
|
Inflation rate:
|
3.3% |
|
Labor force:
|
18,500 |
|
Labor force - by occupation:
|
services 57%, industry 42%,
agriculture 1% |
|
Unemployment:
|
2.6% |
|
Electricity production by source:
|
fossil fuel: 41.18%
other: 0%
hydro: 58.82% |
|
Industries:
|
tourism, banking, textiles,
electronics, ceramics, cement, wine |
|
Agriculture:
|
wheat, grapes, corn,
olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides |
|
Exports:
|
trade data are included
with the statistics for Italy |
|
Exports:
|
building stone, lime, wood,
chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics |
|
Imports:
|
trade data are included
with the statistics for Italy |
|
Imports:
|
wide variety of consumer
manufactures, food |
|
Currency:
|
euro (EUR) |
SOURCES: The CIA World Factbook, U.S. Department of State, Area Handbook of the US Library of Congress
Copyright 2004 - 2008 worldfacts.us |